Second Paper Syllabus Pharmacy

Paper I: General Subject – 100 Marks

This paper is common for all groups and sub-groups under the health service and is divided into two parts:

Part I: Management (50 Marks)

• Includes 6 short-answer questions worth 5 marks each (Total: 30 marks)

• Plus 2 long-answer questions worth 10 marks each (Total: 20 marks)

Part II: General Health Issues (50 Marks)

• Includes 4 question worth 5 marks each (Total: 20 marks)

• Plus 3 long questions worth 10 marks each (Total: 30 marks)

Passing Marks: 40 out of 100

Paper I: General Subject (100 Marks)

Management and General Health Issues

This paper is common for all groups/sub-groups in the Nepal Health Service and is divided into two major parts:

Part I: Management (50 Marks)

This section tests your knowledge of management principles and their application to health institutions and services in Nepal. Here's what's included:

Basics of Management

• Concept, principles, functions, scope

• Roles, levels, and essential skills of managers

Hospital Management

• Organization and operation of hospitals

Primary Health Care Service Management

• Managing health services at the grassroots level

Private Sector Health Institutions

• Regulation and management of private health facilities

Development and Management of Health Institutions

• Planning and upgrading health centers

Health Workforce Recruitment and Development

• Hiring and skill development of health professionals

National Health Training System Management

• Structure and functioning of national training programs

Participative Management

• Meaning, benefits, challenges, and techniques for involving staff in decision-making

Time Management

• Importance, benefits, and drawbacks of managing time effectively

Conflict Management

• Understanding conflict: causes, types, approaches, and resolution strategies

Stress Management

• Sources and effects of stress, and stress-handling techniques

Change Management

• Dealing with change in organizations, causes of resistance, and how to overcome it

Appreciative Inquiry

• A positive approach to organizational development and change

Financial Management

• Budgeting, auditing, fiscal control, and financial planning

Human Resource Management

• Concepts, functions, and HR-related responsibilities

Project Management

• Steps, tools, and methods for managing projects in health settings

Planning

• Concepts, types, tools, and steps in planning

• National planning systems

• Ministry of Health (MOH) and Department of Health Services (DOHS) planning

• District-level health planning

Motivation

• Motivation theories, reasons for low performance, and strategies to motivate employees

Leadership

• Definition, key functions

• Various leadership styles (authoritative, democratic, etc.)

• Relationship between leadership and effective management

Coordination

• Meaning, importance, and types

• Techniques and strategies for achieving effective coordination

Communication

• Communication process and its role in organizations

• Barriers to effective communication

• Techniques for improving workplace communication

Decision Making

• Importance of sound decision-making

• Types of decisions (strategic, operational, etc.)

• Rational steps in the decision-making process

Part II: General Health Issues (50 Marks)

This part tests your awareness of health policies, governance, rights, and global health frameworks. It is highly relevant for candidates in all health-related roles.

Present Constitution of Nepal

• Provisions related to health and welfare

National Health Policy 2071

• Key goals, objectives, and implementation areas

Second Long Term Health Plan (1997–2017)

• Focus areas, achievements, and gaps

Health Sector Reform Strategy

• Modernization efforts in Nepal’s health system

Current Periodic Plan & Health Sector

• Role of health in national development agendas

Health Services Act 2053 & Regulation 2055

• Legal framework and rules for healthcare delivery

Organizational Structure

• Health system structure from Ministry to District level

Health and Human Rights

• Includes women’s, children’s, professional, and client rights

• Concept of informed consent

Gender Issues in Health

• Addressing gender gaps in health planning and services

Local Governance & Decentralization

• Role of local bodies in managing health services

International Health Agencies

• Roles and responsibilities of WHO, UNICEF, UNFPA

• Inter-agency collaboration

Global Health Declarations

• Key international declarations impacting health (e.g., Alma-Ata, SDGs)

Professional Councils and Regulations

• Licensing, regulation, and responsibilities

Medical Ethics

• General principles and real-world applications

Continuous Medical Education (CME)

• Importance of ongoing learning for health professionals

Indigenous & Traditional Healing Practices

• Integration and recognition of local health systems

Supervision in Health Sector

• Types of supervision and their importance for quality care

Monitoring and Evaluation (M&E) in Health

• Systematic tracking of health programs and performance

• Tools and indicators used in M&E

• Role in improving accountability and service delivery

Health Management Information System (HMIS)

• Collection, analysis, and use of health data

• Supports evidence-based decision making

• Backbone for planning and monitoring in the health sector

Health Insurance & Healthcare Financing

• Concepts of universal health coverage and insurance models

• Sources of health financing (government, donors, private sector)

• Importance in ensuring equitable access to services

Environment and Health

• Impact of air pollution, domestic pollution, and noise pollution

• Preventive measures and health awareness for environmental hazards

Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene (WASH)

• Crucial for preventing communicable diseases

• Link between clean water, sanitation, and child mortality reduction

Disasters and Public Health

• Health effects of deforestation, landslides, floods, earthquakes, and fires

• Emergency preparedness and disaster response strategies

Industrial Hazards and Health

• Exposure to chemicals, gases, and machinery risks

• Occupational health and safety standards

Role of Health Volunteers

• Frontline role in awareness, basic services, and community engagement

• Examples include FCHVs (Female Community Health Volunteers)

Community Involvement in Health Delivery

• Participation in health planning, implementation, and feedback

• Improves ownership and effectiveness of services

Social Inclusion in Health

• Ensuring services reach marginalized groups (gender, caste, disability, etc.)

• Inclusive planning and equitable HR distribution

Counseling in Health Service Delivery

• Concept, types (individual, group, family)

• Application in mental health, family planning, HIV/AIDS, etc.

• Importance of communication and empathy in counseling

Pharmacy Syllabuss